By Woro Swasti

The rough diamonds from diamond mines are treated in a process called cutting diamond, to convert them into gemstones.

Cutting diamond is an art of changing a diamond from a rough into beautiful faceted gem. This job requires special skill and knowledge. And also specialized tools, equipment, and techniques.

The term ‘diamond cut’ means the shape of the diamond. Examples are round cut, oval cut, princess cut, emerald cut, etc. The diamond cut relates to specific quality of the shape. The more quality of a diamond, more expensive is the diamond, and this greatly based on the cut quality.

Diamond stones are the hardest materials ever found. The stones are very hard to cut, so cutting diamond needs special diamond cutting blades.

The process of cutting diamond includes several steps: planning, cleaving, bruting, polishing, and final inspection.

In the planning process, the rough diamond stone is analyzed to decide how the diamond will be cut. This process include the considerations of maximizing value, weight retention, color retention, and turnaround minimization. All of these process is the most time-consuming part of the cutting.

Cleaving or sawing is the separation process of rough diamond into pieces, each piece will be finished as separate diamond gemstone. This process is using diamond saw or laser for cutting the rough diamond stone.

When two diamonds are set to grind against each other in spinning axles, this will make each diamond shaped round. This process called bruting or girdling.

Polishing process is when the diamond is cut and give facets on the gem. This is also the time consuming process which removes material by gradual erosion.

The last step of cutting diamond is the final inspection. This include cleaning the diamond in acid, and examining the quality of the diamond.

Please also check out my other guide on Diamond Wedding Rings and Diamond Designer

Executive Summary about Diamond Cutting by James Greene

cutting diamond

Many people may not know this but diamonds were not always the brilliant gemstones that they are often seen as today. In fact, prior to the 15th century, diamonds used to be worn in an “as is” condition, which means that they were neither cut nor polished.

For those who wish to know a bit more about the diamond cutting process, the following will describe this procedure in addition to the polishing aspect of this beautiful gemstone.

After the diamonds have been collected and sorted, it is at this time in which they are cut and polished. The first step is to cut the diamond.  The diamond is cut into various facet amounts. Once the diamond has been cut, the gemstone will be polished into a smooth diamond surface.

Some may wonder why it is so important to have a diamond undergo diamond cutting and polishing. The main reason is to produce the final result which is so coveted today, which is a bright and breathtaking gem.

When a diamond has not gone through the diamond cutting and polishing process, it is quite a dull and jagged edged stone which many may not deem as lovely as the final result seen in jewelry cases of jewelry stores everywhere. The diamond cutting and polishing process is done to make the diamond the beautiful gem that it is these days.

How The Diamond Cutting Style Originated

Executive Summary about Diamond Cutting by Mithun Rao

There was a time when cutting and polishing a diamond was considered sacrilege.  With the trade various methods of polishing and cutting the diamond were also shared between the countries.  The diamond cutting of these times was far less sophisticated as compared to the brilliance that we see today.

The journey of the diamond cutting industry, as we know today, starts with the point cut and ends at fancy brilliant cuts.  The point cut was the first cut that we are aware of today and it was the most popular cut in the fifteenth century.   The cut mimicked the rough octahedral shape of the natural diamond and this was accomplished by the use of stationary polishing surfaces covered with diamond grit and olive oil.

In the late 1400′s the table cutting style made its appearance. The top part of the natural octahedral shape was cut using the same tools present earlier ‘a stationary cutting surface with diamond grit and olive oil.  This cut ruled the diamond industry for the next couple of centuries and there were numerous variations like rectangles, tapered shapes and lozenges. This cut was not conceptualized for octahedral diamonds but a cut that aided in producing the largest cut diamonds from flattened roughs.

The rose cut has flat bottoms and triangular facets that become a point towards the top.  Though the cut gives a high level of brilliance, the fire that this cut allows is not too high.

Diamonds from Brazil were used to create the first brilliant cuts and thus was born the old mine cut, a cushion shaped cut with a deep pavilion, high crown and large culet.  Even though the number of facets in the old mine cut are similar to the modern brilliant cut, this first cut did not give as much brilliance since the pavilion was deeper.

The modern brilliant cut came onto the scene after more than 500 years of experimentation.  This cut was the first cut that brought out the true brilliance of the diamond that it is capable of.  The earliest of the modern brilliant cut can be traced back to the 1800′s.

The cutting establishment rejected the cutting style discovered by Henry Morse from Boston earlier, and stuck to the old mine cuts and European cuts.  The contemporary cuts allow for higher levels of artistic flair and the roughs can be cut and polished based on minimum loss due to cutting and polishing.

With the popularization of the brilliant cut, many fancy brilliant cuts started coming into the picture.  It was the success of the round brilliant encouraged cutters to try out other shapes along with the brilliant cut.

Other brilliant cut shapes like rectangle and square brilliants were also produced.

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